According to Shigley and Mischke’s Mechanical Engineering Design (McGraw-Hill 1989) experiments show that the tensile stress supported by a threaded rod equals that of a rod with diameter that is the mean of pitch and minor diameters of the threads.  Thus, the tensile stress area of a threaded fastener is computed from the average of its pitch and minor diameters.

• Instock Fasteners provides ANSI/ASME screw thread sizes:  ScrewThreadTables

• Little machine shop provides downloadable lists for tap and clearance holes:  tapdrillsizes.pdf

• Engineers Edge provides a useful table of thread sizes.

• And large listing of fasteners can be found at SmithFast.

 

This are two animation of the operation of a diesel engine.  The first focuses on the four stroke cycle. The second start with the turbo-charger, and makes its way through the engine.